BA 352 Management Theory & Practice (James)

Shortened citations:

After you have already cited a source, in subsequent footnotes you should use a shortened version of the citation. In most cases, the last name of the author and the main title of the work cited will be used in the shortened citation.

1 Maureen S. Andrade and Jonathan H. Westover, “Comparative Job Satisfaction and Its Determinants in For-Profit and Nonprofit Employees Across the Globe,” American Journal of Management 20, no.1 (2020): 46-47, https://doi:10.33423/ajm.v20i1.2752.

2 Brislin, Richard, The Undreaded Job: Learning to Thrive in a Less-Than-Perfect Workplace (Westport: ABC-CLIO, 2010), 73-78, ProQuest Ebook Central.

3 Andrade and Westover, “Comparative Job Satisfaction,” 48.

4 Brislin, Undreaded Job, 80.

 

ibid.

Previous versions of the Chicago style have recommended ibid. as an abbreviation for footnotes that cited the same source consecutively. The Chicago manual no longer recommends ibid. and now recommends abbreviated footnotes such as the following:

1 Brislin, Undreaded Job, 80.

2 Brislin, 80.

3 Brislin, 83.

Company Primer:

N:

1. Lee A. Klaskow and Adam Roszkowski, "FedEx Research," September 15, 2020, pp. 4, Bloomberg LP.

B:

Klaskow, Lee A. and Roszkowski, Adam. "FedEx Research." September 15, 2020. Bloomberg LP.

Industry Primer:

N:

1. Lee A. Klaskow and Adam Roszkowski, "Global Third-Party Logistics 2020 Midyear Outlook," June 29, 2020, pp. 2, Bloomberg LP.

B:

Klaskow, Lee A. and Roszkowski, Adam. "Global Third-Party Logistics 2020 Midyear Outlook." June 29, 2020. Bloomberg LP.

ESG indicators (from the Bloomberg Intelligence dashboard):

N:

1. Bloomberg, "Logistic Services ESG Indicators," accessed October 11, 2020, Bloomberg LP.

B: 

Bloomberg. "Logistic Services ESG Indicators." Accessed October 11, 2020. Bloomberg LP.

Profitability Indicators (from the Bloomberg Intelligence dashboard):

N:

1. Bloomberg, "Restaurants Profitability Indicators," accessed October 11, 2020, Bloomberg LP.

B:

Bloomberg. "Restaurants Profitability Indicators." Accessed October 11, 2020. Bloomberg LP.

Example of specialized metrics (from the Bloomberg Intelligence dashboard):

N:

1. Bloomberg, " Logistics Services: Small Package Indicators," accessed October 11, 2020, Bloomberg LP.

B:

Bloomberg. "Logistics Services: Small Package Indicators." Accessed October 11, 2020. Bloomberg LP.

B:

Financial Analysis:

N:

1. Bloomberg, "FedEx Corp Financial Analysis: Income Statement 2012-2022," accessed October 11, 2020, Bloomberg LP.

B:

Bloomberg. "FedEx Corp Financial Analysis: Income Statement 2012-2022." Accessed October 11, 2020. Bloomberg LP.

Chapter (single-authored book):

N:

1. John Samples, “The Origins of Modern Campaign Finance Law,” chap. 7 in The Fallacy of Campaign Finance Reform (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006), Kindle.

B:

Samples, John. “The Origins of Modern Campaign Finance Law.” Chap. 7 in The Fallacy of Campaign Finance Reform. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006. Kindle.

N:

1. Kate Andersen Brower, “Backstairs Gossip and Mischief,” in The Residence: Inside the Private World of the White House (New York: Harper, 2015), 211, Kindle.

B:

Brower, Kate Andersen. “Backstairs Gossip and Mischief.” In The Residence: Inside the Private World of the White House, 207–22. New York: Harper, 2015. Kindle.

Book Chapters (with an Editor):

N:

1. Kathleen M. Sutcliffe, “Mindful organizing.” In Organizing for Reliability : A Guide for Research and Practice, edited by Rangaraj Ramanujam and Karlene H Roberts (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2018), 62-63,ProQuest Ebook Central.

B:

Sutcliffe, Kathleen M. “Mindful organizing.” In Organizing for Reliability : A Guide for Research and Practice, edited by Rangaraj Ramanujam and Karlene H Roberts, 61-89. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2018. ProQuest Ebook Central.

Print book:

N:

1. Stephen P. Robbins and Tim Judge, Essentials of Organizational Behavior, 14 ed. (New York: Pearson, 2018), 33-35.

B:

Robbins, Stephen P, and Tim Judge. Essentials of Organizational Behavior. 14th ed. New York: Pearson, 2018.

eBook (from library database):

N:

1. Brislin, Richard, The Undreaded Job: Learning to Thrive in a Less-Than-Perfect Workplace (Westport: ABC-CLIO, 2010), 73-78, ProQuest Ebook Central.

B:

Brislin, Richard. The Undreaded Job: Learning to Thrive in a Less-Than-Perfect Workplace. Westport: ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2010. ProQuest Ebook Central.

Google book:

N:

1. Joseph A. Olmstead, Organizational Structure and Climate: Implications for Agencies: National Study of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Workers, Work, and Organizational Contexts (United States: Social and Rehabilitation Service), 23-31, https://www.google.com/books/edition/Organizational_Structure_and_Climate_Imp/wHTZP_2arEAC?hl=en&gbpv=0.

B:

Olmstead, Joseph A. Organizational Structure and Climate: Implications for Agencies: National Study of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Workers, Work, and Organizational Contexts. United States: Social and Rehabilitation Service, 1973. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Organizational_Structure_and_Climate_Imp/wHTZP_2arEAC?hl=en&gbpv=0.

Business Source Premier (MarketLine SWOT Analysis):

N:

              1. MarketLine, “McDonald’s SWOT Analysis,” p. 3, June 19, 2020, EBSCOhost, https://lib.pepperdine.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,url,uid,cookie&db=bth&AN=144647487&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

 

B:

MarketLine. “McDonald’s SWOT Analysis.” June 19, 2020. EBSCOhost. https://lib.pepperdine.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,url,uid,cookie&db=bth&AN=144647487&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

Business Source Premier (MarketLine Industry Report that contains Porter's Five Forces):

N:

1. MarketLine, “Food Retail in the United States,” pp. 12-17, August 2015, EBSCOhost, https://lib.pepperdine.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,url,uid,cookie&db=bth&AN=162058943&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

B:

MarketLine. “Food Retail in the United States.” August 2015. EBSCOhost. https://lib.pepperdine.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,url,uid,cookie&db=bth&AN=162058943&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

Articles:

N:

1. Shawn Tully, “The Big Losers in Musk's Twitter Bid: Tesla Investors,” Fortune, June/July, 2022, EBSCOhost, https://search-ebscohost-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,url,uid,cookie&db=bth&AN=157093625&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

B:

Tully, Shawn. “The Big Losers in Musk's Twitter Bid: Tesla Investors.” Fortune. June/July 2022. EBSCOHost. https://search-ebscohost-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,url,uid,cookie&db=bth&AN=157093625&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

According to the Chicago Manual of Style, students only have to cite the footnote/endnote and a bibliography entry isn't needed.

1. ChatGPT, response to "I need a SWOT analysis for Nike, " OpenAI, January 21, 2024.

Factset SEC filings:

N:

1. Albertson Companies Inc., February 29, 2020 Form 10-K (filed May 29, 2020), pp. 19-22, Factset, https://my.apps.factset.com/viewer-fusion/?_doc_id=0001646972-20-000022&_doc_date=20200513&_doc_product=EDG&_doc_docfn=U2FsdGVkX18YV9DNeSP5hFm1jXsfY8cu6GxxGMoVaqta2YWM9N%2FNKqz9OscB%2FU4qJoBSCXP6KUIUG1xL6ZZH%2FZd5z%2FvagfEbf%2BibUhlNUfc%3D&_doc_sequence=1&_doc_title=Albertsons%20Companies,%20Inc.%20files%20%2810-K%29%20Basic%20annual%20filing,%20for%20period%20end%2029-Feb-20%20%28ABS-US%29.

B:

Albertson Companies Inc. February 29, 2020 Form 10-K. Filed May 29, 2020. Factset. https://my.apps.factset.com/viewer-fusion/?_doc_id=0001646972-20-000022&_doc_date=20200513&_doc_product=EDG&_doc_docfn=U2FsdGVkX18YV9DNeSP5hFm1jXsfY8cu6GxxGMoVaqta2YWM9N%2FNKqz9OscB%2FU4qJoBSCXP6KUIUG1xL6ZZH%2FZd5z%2FvagfEbf%2BibUhlNUfc%3D&_doc_sequence=1&_doc_title=Albertsons%20Companies,%20Inc.%20files%20%2810-K%29%20Basic%20annual%20filing,%20for%20period%20end%2029-Feb-20%20%28ABS-US%29.

Factset Online financial data:

N:

1. Factset, “Albertsons Companies Inc. Financials: Income Statement 2014-2024,” accessed August 28, 2024, Factset, https://my.apps.factset.com/workstation/navigator/company-security/income-statement/ACI-US.

B:

Factset. “Albertsons Companies Inc. Financials: Income Statement 2014-2024.” Accessed August 28, 2024. Factset. https://my.apps.factset.com/workstation/navigator/company-security/income-statement/ACI-US.

Harvard Business Case (Print):

N:

1. Jose B. Alvarez and Natalie Kindred, “Impossible Foods,” HBS No. 520-046 (Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing, 2019), 4-5.

B:

Alvarez, Jose B. and Natalie Kindred. “Impossible Foods.” HBS No. 520-046. Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing, 2019.

Harvard Business Case (Online):

N:

1. Jose B. Alvarez and Natalie Kindred, “Impossible Foods,” HBS No. 520-046 (Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing, 2019), 4-5, https://hbsp.harvard.edu/.

B:

Alvarez, Jose B. and Natalie Kindred. “Impossible Foods.” HBS No. 520-046. Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing, 2019. https://hbsp.harvard.edu/.

IBISWorld:

N:

1. Cecilia Fernandez, “Supermarkets & Grocery Stores in the US,” pp. 22-24, May 2020, IBISWorld, https://my-ibisworld-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/download/us/en/industry/1040/1/0/pdf.

B:

Fernandez, Cecilia. “Supermarkets & Grocery Stores in the US.” May 2020. IBISWorld. https://my-ibisworld-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/download/us/en/industry/1040/1/0/pdf.

Unpublished interviews are usually only in the footnotes and rarely mentioned in the bibliography. For more information, see the official Chicago Style guide.

N:

1. Jorge Rodriguez (scientist, Amgen Inc. in Thousand Oaks, CA), in discussion with the author, April 2021.

B:

Rodriguez, Jorge (scientist, Amgen Inc. in Thousand Oaks, CA). Discussion with author. April, 2021.

Online Magazine from websites rather than Library databases:

N:

       1. Jon Markman, "Netflix's Ad-Supported Revolution: Igniting Growth And Changing Television Forever!," Forbes, May 22, 2023, https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonmarkman/2023/05/22/netflixs-ad-supported-revolution-igniting-growth-and-changing-television-forever/?sh=64d6a6cb409d

B:

Markman, Jon. "Netflix's Ad-Supported Revolution: Igniting Growth And Changing Television Forever!." Forbes. May 22, 2023. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonmarkman/2023/05/22/netflixs-ad-supported-revolution-igniting-growth-and-changing-television-forever/?sh=64d6a6cb409d

Print Magazines

N:

1.    Shawn Tully, “The Big Losers in Musk's Twitter Bid: Tesla Investors,” Fortune, June/July, 2022:15-16.

B:

Tully, Shawn. “The Big Losers in Musk's Twitter Bid: Tesla Investors.” Fortune. June/July 2022.

Mintel:

N:

1. John Owen, “Grocery Retailing: Incl Impact of COVID-19 - US - April 2020,” p. 24, April 2020, Mintel, https://reports-mintel-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/display/986958/.

B:

Owen, John. “Grocery Retailing: Incl Impact of COVID-19 - US - April 2020.” April 2020. Mintel. https://reports-mintel-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/display/986958/.

N:

1. Sebastian Herrera, “Amazon Bets on Office-Based Work with Expansion in Major Cities,” The Wall Street Journal, August 18, 2020, Tech, https://www.wsj.com/articles/amazon-bets-on-office-based-work-with-expansion-in-major-cities-11597741203

B:

Deo, Nisha. “Visiting Professor Lectures on Photographer.” The Wall Street Journal. August 18, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/amazon-bets-on-office-based-work-with-expansion-in-major-cities-11597741203.

SWOT Analysis from Nexis Uni:

N:

1 GlobalData, “Netflix Inc - GlobalData - SWOT Analysis,” August 23, 2024, Nexis Uni, https://advance-lexis-com.libtest.pepperdine.edu/document/?pdmfid=1519360&crid=93d995d6-ed1a-4cfe-b147-5795c0e34805&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fcompany-financial%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A7VXW-VJX1-2SCK-430B-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=333601&pdteaserkey=sr0&pditab=allpods&ecomp=hc-yk&earg=sr0&prid=a1646d1a-ad00-4df6-af27-baedd5f5072d.

B:

GlobalData. “Netflix Inc - GlobalData - SWOT Analysis.” August 23, 2024. Nexis Uni. https://advance-lexis-com.libtest.pepperdine.edu/document/?pdmfid=1519360&crid=93d995d6-ed1a-4cfe-b147-5795c0e34805&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fcompany-financial%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A7VXW-VJX1-2SCK-430B-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=333601&pdteaserkey=sr0&pditab=allpods&ecomp=hc-yk&earg=sr0&prid=a1646d1a-ad00-4df6-af27-baedd5f5072d.

Hoover's Company Profile:

N:

Hoovers, "Netflix Inc.; Hoover's Company Records - In-depth Records," July 24, 2024, Nexis Uni, https://advance-lexis-com.libtest.pepperdine.edu/document/?pdmfid=1519360&crid=2d88eff0-78d8-49ae-aa0d-7cbf17807d37&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fcompany-financial%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A5VVJ-C2D1-JBPR-X3YC-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=220620&pdteaserkey=sr0&pditab=allpods&ecomp=hc-yk&earg=sr0&prid=8ffcba28-ecc4-4d14-b162-e3f5617e5839.

B:

Hoovers. "Netflix Inc.; Hoover's Company Records - In-depth Records." July 4, 2023. Nexis Uni. https://advance-lexis-com.libtest.pepperdine.edu/document/?pdmfid=1519360&crid=2d88eff0-78d8-49ae-aa0d-7cbf17807d37&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fcompany-financial%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A5VVJ-C2D1-JBPR-X3YC-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=220620&pdteaserkey=sr0&pditab=allpods&ecomp=hc-yk&earg=sr0&prid=8ffcba28-ecc4-4d14-b162-e3f5617e5839.

Magazine and Newspaper Articles from Nexis Uni:

N: 

        1. Daphne Howland, "Nike Faces Lawsuit over Greenwashing Claims," Marketing Drive, May 16, 2023, Nexis Uni, https://advance-lexis-com.libtest.pepperdine.edu/document/?pdmfid=1519360&crid=eaa36df5-dcf7-4551-8725-23e5d3a96e9a&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fnews%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A688F-CH91-JCMC-W2HG-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=478383&pdteaserkey=sr1&pditab=allpods&ecomp=hc-yk&earg=sr1&prid=dd51eca0-8178-4ea5-a41b-9d2f9ecfbc33.

B:

Howland, Daphne. "Nike Faces Lawsuit over Greenwashing Claims." Marketing Drive. May 16, 2023. Nexis Uni. https://advance-lexis-com.libtest.pepperdine.edu/document/?pdmfid=1519360&crid=eaa36df5-dcf7-4551-8725-23e5d3a96e9a&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fnews%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A688F-CH91-JCMC-W2HG-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=478383&pdteaserkey=sr1&pditab=allpods&ecomp=hc-yk&earg=sr1&prid=dd51eca0-8178-4ea5-a41b-9d2f9ecfbc33.

Passport:

N:

1. Euromonitor, “Supermarkets in the US,” p. 4, March 2024, Passport, https://www-portal-euromonitor-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/Analysis/Tab

B:

Euromonitor. “Supermarkets in the US.” March 2024. Passport. https://www-portal-euromonitor-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/Analysis/Tab.

 

PrivCo:

N:

1. PrivCo, “Tender Greens,” accessed August 28, 2024, PrivCo, https://system-privco-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/company/tender-greens.

B:

PrivCo. “Tender Greens.” Accessed August 28, 2020. PrivCo. https://system-privco-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/company/tender-greens.

LSEG Data & Analytics (formerly Refintiv) Analyst reports

N:

1. Matthew Dolgin, “Netflix Earnings: Another Exquisite Quarter, Almost Nothing to Nitpick; Fair Value Up 14% to $500,” Morningstar, July 18, 2024, pp. 4-5, LSEG Data & Analytics, https://workspace.refinitiv.com/web/Apps/Corp/?s=NFLX.O&st=RIC#/Apps/research-next?profile=company.

B:

Dolgin, Matthew. “Netflix Earnings: Another Exquisite Quarter, Almost Nothing to Nitpick; Fair Value Up 14% to $500.” Morningstar. August 28, 2024. LSEG Data & Analytics.  https://workspace.refinitiv.com/web/Apps/Corp/?s=NFLX.O&st=RIC#/Apps/research-next?profile=company.

Financial Data:

N:

1. Refinitiv, “Netflix Inc: Operating Metrics 1997-2023,” accessed August 28, 2024, LSEG Data & Analytics, https://workspace.refinitiv.com/web/Apps/Corp/?s=NFLX.O&st=RIC#/Apps/CFundamentals?view=FinancialSummary.

B:

Refinitiv. “Netflix Inc: Operating Metrics 1997-2023.” Accessed August 28, 2024. LSEG Data & Analytics. https://workspace.refinitiv.com/web/Apps/Corp/?s=NFLX.O&st=RIC#/Apps/CFundamentals?view=FinancialSummary.

S&P Net Advantage Industry Reports:

N:

1. Kenneth Leon and Yahaya, Fateh , “Media & Entertainment,” p. 12, March 2024, S&P Net Advantage, https://www-capitaliq-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/CIQDotNet/Research/DocumentViewer.aspx?documentViewerDocumentId=57552643.

B:

Leon, Kenneth and Fate Yahaya . “Media & Entertainment.” March 2024. S&P Net Advantage. https://www-capitaliq-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/CIQDotNet/Research/DocumentViewer.aspx?documentViewerDocumentId=57552643.

SEC filing from S&P Net Advantage:

N:

1. Netflix Inc., June 30, 2024 Form 10-K (filed July 19, 2024), pp. 19-22, S&P Net Advantage. https://www-capitaliq-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/CIQDotNet/Filings/DocumentRedirector.axd?versionId=-1808918836&type=pdf&forcedownload=false

B:

Netflix Inc. June 30, 2024 Form 10-K. Filed July 19, 2024. S&P Net Advantage. https://www-capitaliq-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/CIQDotNet/Filings/DocumentRedirector.axd?versionId=-1808918836&type=pdf&forcedownload=false.

S&P Net Advantage online financial data:

N:

1. Standard and Poor's, “Netflix Inc Financials: Income Statement 2019-2024,” accessed August 28, 2024, S&P Net Advantage, https://www-capitaliq-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/CIQDotNet/Financial/IncomeStatement.aspx?CompanyId=32012&mode=compustat.

B:

Standard and Poor’s. “Netflix Inc Financials: Income Statement 2019-2024.” Accessed August 28, 2024. S&P Net Advantage. https://www-capitaliq-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/CIQDotNet/Financial/IncomeStatement.aspx?CompanyId=32012&mode=compustat.

Online

N

1. Maureen S. Andrade and Jonathan H. Westover, “Comparative Job Satisfaction and Its Determinants in For-Profit and Nonprofit Employees Across the Globe,” American Journal of Management 20, no.1 (2020): 46-47, https://doi:10.33423/ajm.v20i1.2752.

B:

Andrade, Maureen S., and Jonathan H. Westover. “Comparative Job Satisfaction and Its Determinants in For-Profit and Nonprofit Employees Across the Globe.” American Journal of Management 20, no. 1 (2020): 46–63. https://doi:10.33423/ajm.v20i1.2752.

Print:

N:

1. Robin Bauwens, Mieke Audenaert, and Adelien Decramer, ““Fostering Societal Impact and Job Satisfaction: The Role of Performance Management and Leader–member Exchange,” Public Management Review 21, no. 10 (October): 1486–1515.

B:

Bauwens, Robin, Mieke Audenaert, and Adelien Decramer. “Fostering Societal Impact and Job Satisfaction: The Role of Performance Management and Leader–member Exchange.” Public Management Review 21, no. 10 (October): 1486–1515.

SEC filing from a website:

N:

1. Albertson Companies Inc., February 29, 2020 Form 10-K (filed May 29, 2020), pp. 19-22, https://investor.albertsonscompanies.com/.

B:

Albertson Companies Inc. February 29, 2020 Form 10-K. Filed May 29, 2020. https://investor.albertsonscompanies.com/.

N:

1. Simmons MRI, "Netflix Inc brand consumer: Quick Report (Demographics)," 2022 spring, Simmons Insights, https://insights-mrisimmons-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/v2/profile/quickreports.

B:

Simmons MRI. "Netflix Inc brand consumer: Quick Report (Demographics)." 2022 spring. Simmons Insights. https://insights-mrisimmons-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/v2/profile/quickreports.

Twitter:

1. National Science Foundation (@NSF), “The ancient Japanese art form, origami, may advance products from soft robotics to medical devices to energy harvesters,” Twitter, August 8, 2020, 6:04 a.m., https://twitter.com/NSF/status/1292084156688629761.

B

National Science Foundation (@NSF). “The ancient Japanese art form, origami, may advance products from soft robotics to medical devices to energy harvesters.” Twitter, August 8, 2020, 6:04 a.m. https://twitter.com/NSF/status/1292084156688629761.

Facebook:

N:

1. Coldplay, “Performing at Paralympic Games 2012 with Rihanna, JAY-Z & Paraorchestra was one of our proudest moments,” Facebook, August 20, 2020, https://www.facebook.com/coldplay/posts/10163944397885253.

B:

Coldplay. “Performing at Paralympic Games 2012 with Rihanna, JAY-Z & Paraorchestra was one of our proudest moments.” Facebook, August 20, 2020. https://www.facebook.com/coldplay/posts/10163944397885253.

 

Statista:

N:

1. Brick Meets Click, "Sales of grocery delivery and pickup in the United States from August 2019 to May 2023,” Chart, June, 2023, Statista, https://www-statista-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/statistics/1120211/coronavirus-grocery-delivery-pickup-sales-us/.

B:

Brick Meets Click. "Sales of grocery delivery and pickup in the United States from August 2019 to May 2023." Chart. June, 2023. Statista. https://www-statista-com.lib.pepperdine.edu/statistics/1120211/coronavirus-grocery-delivery-pickup-sales-us/.

These guidelines *don't* refer to eBooks and databases from the Pepperdine Libraries. These examples are for free websites. You only provide the date accessed if you can't locate any information about when the document was published/updated.

N:

1. Rakesh Kochhar, “The financial risk to U.S. business owners posed by COVID-19 outbreak varies by demographic group,” Pew Research Center, April 23, 2020, https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/23/the-financial-risk-to-u-s-business-owners-posed-by-covid-19-outbreak-varies-by-demographic-group/.

B:

Kochhar, Rakesh. “The financial risk to U.S. business owners posed by COVID-19 outbreak varies by demographic group.” Pew Research Center. April 23, 2020. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/23/the-financial-risk-to-u-s-business-owners-posed-by-covid-19-outbreak-varies-by-demographic-group/.

N:

1. Albertsons Companies, “Sustainability,” Albertsons Companies, accessed August 24, 2020, https://www.albertsonscompanies.com/our-values/sustainability.html.

B:

Albertsons Companies. “Sustainability.” Albertsons Companies. Accessed August 24, 2020. https://www.albertsonscompanies.com/our-values/sustainability.html.